Case 1. Following a stroke, a woman has difficulty with verbal and written expression. She sometimes becomes visibly frustrated
because she seems to know what she wants to say but is unable to effectively
communicate it to others. Sentences
become abbreviated to one or two key words which she belabors in an effort to
get the message across.
Case 2. Following
his surgery for epilepsy, a man's wife contacts the surgeon with great concern
about her husband. He has become
extremely forgetful and seems to take risks that are very much out of
character. He recently walked across a
major highway barely escaping being hit and showed no appreciation of how close
he had come to being killed.
Additionally, his libido is greatly increased and he often makes sexual
advances in inappropriate settings (e.g. at restaurants, the children's school,
etc.)
Case 3. A homeless
man with a history of alcoholism is taken to a free clinic in a state of
confusion. Although not presently under
the influence of alcohol, his responses to questions are inappropriate. When asked about his diet he states that he
absolutely refuses to join the army.
Queried as to what that has to do with diet, he insists the physician
was trying to recruit him. He is unable
to repeat a series of five numbers after a short interval. A social worker confirms that he rarely
takes advantage of the soup kitchen and sometimes seems to forget where he is.
Case 4. A teenager
survives an automobile accident but his personality appears to be changed. The once studious boy who worked hard and
always saved his money now spends whatever he can get immediately and has
decided that school is a waste of time.
Case 5. A woman
complains of being chronically tired and weak and the symptoms appear to be
progressing. The weakness is
generalized throughout her entire body.
A CBC shows no indication of infection and hormonal profiles are
normal. Two weeks later she is found to
have a thymoma.
Case 6. After a
stroke, a woman's family complains that she is very talkative but doesn't seem
to make much sense. Further evaluation
demonstrates poor comprehension of written and spoken language.
Case 7. A man who
works at a chemical plant is stopped by the police on the way home from work on
suspicion of drunken driving. He
displays the typical signs of intoxication:
slurred speech, vestibular difficulty and nystagmus. When asked to touch his nose with his eyes
closed, he blatantly overshoots it.
Still, he has no smell of alcohol on his breath and the breathalyzer
test comes up negative. When asked to
sign a report he displays a noticeable tremor when reaching for the pen.
Case 8. A man in his
early 40's finds himself increasingly unable to remain still. When he tries to relax he finds himself
uncontrollably writhing in serpentine dance like motions. He has vague early childhood recollections
of his mother going through similar motions when he visited her in the hospital
before she died.
Case 9. An elderly
woman complains that her husband is "stuck in the mud". It is difficult to get him out of his chair
where he sits wobbling his hands with a blank expression.
Case 10. Following
occlusion of a branch of the left posterior cerebral artery, a man experiences
uncontrolled flailing movements of the right arm and leg.
Case 11. After being
stabbed in the middle of the back, a young man displays spastic paralysis and
lack of discriminative touch on the right side below T4 and loss of pain and
temperature on the left below T6.
Case 12. A teenager
begins to notice a loss of pain and temperature sensation across the shoulders
and in the upper limbs. As the symptoms
grow worse, he also develops weakness in the hands.
Case 13. A man in his
sixties with a history of STD's has difficulty standing with his eyes closed
and slaps his feet as he walks. On
examination he displays a loss of vibratory sense below the neck.
Case 14. A patient
displays spastic paralysis and loss of discriminative touch on the right side
of the body. When asked to stick out
his tongue, it deviates to the left.
Case 15. An elderly
man experiences loss of pain and temperature on the left side of the body and
right side of the face. His voice is
very hoarse and he has difficulty swallowing.
His right eyelid droops and the skin of right face is very dry despite
noticeable perspiration on the left.
Case 16. A woman is
admitted to the hospital with spastic paralysis on the right side of the
body. Her left eyelid droops and the
eye is deviated laterally.
Case 1. Broca's aphasia/inferior frontal lobe
Case 2. Kluver-Bucy syndrome/deep temporal lobe
Case 3. Korsakoff's psychosis/mammillary bodies
Case 4. prefrontal cortex
Case 5. myasthenia gravis
Case 6. Wernike's aphasia/temporal lobe
Case 7. cerebellar disfunction
Case 8. Huntington's chorea/caudate nucleus
Case 9. Parkinson's disease/substantia nigra
Case 10. hemiballismus/subthalamic nucleus
Case 11. Brown-Sequard syndrome/hemisection of spinal
cord
Case 12. syringomyelia/decussating fibers of
spinothalamic tract in cervical region
Case 13. tabes dorsalis/dorsal columns
Case 14. medial medullary syndrome/pyramid, medial
lemniscus, hypoglossal nerve
Case 15. lateral medullary syndrome/spinal trigeminal
tract, spinothalamic tract,
nucleus ambiguous,
descending sympathetics
Case 16. Weber's syndrome cerebral peduncle,
oculomotor nerve